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La primera presa en la historia de la humanidad
La historia de las presas coincide prácticamente con la historia de la humanidad. La primera presa del mundo conocida data del año 3000 antes de nuestra era, en la antigua Mesopotamia, la actual Jordania. El embalse de Jawa era capaz de almacenar más de 31.000 metros cúbicos de agua y servía no solo como depósito de agua potable, sino también para el riego. En comparación con las presas de la antigüedad construidas posteriormente, la presa de JAWA estaba considerada una obra maestra de la arquitectura, principalmente en lo que respecta a su mayor seguridad para la población. El refuerzo con escollera utilizado tras el muro de aguas arriba era una forma increíblemente innovadora de reducir el posible riesgo de catástrofe. Desgraciadamente, este importante elemento de seguridad ha sido ignorado durante siglos hasta la nueva era moderna.
Dam development era
In more than 5 000 years of dam construction, the engineering developed immensely. Egyptians, Asians, Romans, French or British, all cultures took part in the dam evolution process. Moreover, dam functions expanded, by starting to serve as electricity generators or protection against flooding. However, the biggest contribution was added in the last 100 years, mostly focused on enhancing the safety of surrounding areas. As always, it had to be preceded by catastrophic disasters.
In 1874, Mill River Dam in Massachusetts failed and killed 138 people, including 43 children under 10. 15 years later, more than 2200 people from Johnstown, Pennsylvania, perished in the failure of the South Fork Dam. The failure of St. Francis Dam in 1928 marked a milestone in the history of dam safety legislation. The dam safety laws were adopted by the state of California and its surroundings, but unfortunately, most US states hesitated until 1970, after more than 5 dam failings occurred, causing terrific consequences.
In more than 5 000 years of dam construction, the engineering developed immensely. Egyptians, Asians, Romans, French or British, all cultures took part in the dam evolution process. Moreover, dam functions expanded, by starting to serve as electricity generators or protection against flooding. However, the biggest contribution was added in the last 100 years, mostly focused on enhancing the safety of surrounding areas. As always, it had to be preceded by catastrophic disasters.
In 1874, Mill River Dam in Massachusetts failed and killed 138 people, including 43 children under 10. 15 years later, more than 2200 people from Johnstown, Pennsylvania, perished in the failure of the South Fork Dam. The failure of St. Francis Dam in 1928 marked a milestone in the history of dam safety legislation. The dam safety laws were adopted by the state of California and its surroundings, but unfortunately, most US states hesitated until 1970, after more than 5 dam failings occurred, causing terrific consequences.
Artículo escrito por
Róbert Jakab
Robert es como una fotografía en movimiento, porque es como un video. Puede capturar 60 imágenes por segundo. Siempre que pasa algo, lo registra. Actualmente, está trabajando en videos más pequeños y espera hacer un largometraje algún día y luego su secuela. Telegrafia 2: Monkey Power (Poder de mono)